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China is currently facing a surge in cases of a new strain of infectious respiratory virus, human metapneumovirus (HMPV), triggering widespread public concern.
This winter, HMPV infections have spiked across northern Chinese provinces, particularly impacting children. The surge has resulted in overcrowded hospitals and the adoption of emergency measures to manage the crisis. Reports suggest significant strain on healthcare systems, reminiscent of the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The outbreak comes five years after the global emergence of a novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China, which led to a worldwide pandemic and millions of deaths.
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First identified in 2001 in The Netherlands, HMPV is part of the Paramyxoviridae family, which includes other respiratory viruses like respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The virus spreads widely during winter seasons, particularly in colder regions.
HMPV primarily infects the lungs and airways, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe. These include:
- Cough
- Fever
- Nasal congestion
- Shortness of breath
In vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems, HMPV can lead to serious complications like pneumonia or bronchiolitis.
HMPV spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. The virus has an incubation period of 3 to 6 days, after which symptoms begin to appear. Currently, there is no specific antiviral treatment for HMPV. Management focuses on symptom relief and supporting respiratory function.
Preventive steps to reduce the risk of HMPV infection include:
- Frequent handwashing with soap and water
- Avoiding close contact with sick individuals
- Covering the mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing
- Disinfecting commonly touched surfaces
HMPV has been reported in numerous countries, including:
- United States
- Canada
- United Kingdom
- France
- Germany
- Japan
- South Korea
- Australia
- India
- China (currently experiencing a significant surge)
